Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and treatment methods.
Pancreatitis is one of the most serious diseases of the digestive system.There are acute and chronic pancreatitis, each of these types has its own characteristics and treatment methods.
But one thing remains unchanged with pancreatitis: the old lifestyle and diet will remain a thing of the past, because the basis of pancreatitis treatment is an almost permanent diet.The pancreas does not forgive nutritional errors, reacting immediately with pain and digestive disorders.
Pancreatitis Basics
Pancreatitis is an acquired disease;it develops as a result of abdominal trauma, viral damage to the pancreas, due to disruption of the liver and gallbladder, after poisoning with alcohol and other toxic substances, with frequent and severe nutritional disorders - prolonged fasting, dieting with the aim of losing weight.
The main signs of pancreatitis are:
- abdominal pain - sharp, dagger-like, almost to the point of unconsciousness in acute pancreatitis, or dull or aching in the chronic version;
- nausea and vomiting;
- intestinal irregularities, often severe diarrhea, fever;
- sudden weight loss.
If you have acute pancreatitis, you are usually admitted to the hospital.Chronic exacerbations can be treated at home, but only under the supervision of a doctor.Self-medication in cases of pancreatitis is dangerous due to the development of complications including pancreatic necrosis (enzymatic wasting of the glandular tissue, self-digestion of the gland) and the development of peritonitis, which is fatal.
Therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis
Drug, enzymatic and dietary treatment of pancreatitis is selected by the doctor based on the patient's condition and test data.However, the general principles of dietary correction always remain approximately the same.They give rest to digestion and the pancreas, which means they reduce pain and normalize well-being.
Nutrition for pancreatitis is sharply limited - most of the usual foods will have to be forgotten.You need to eat often, about 5-6 times a day - every 2.5-3 hours, with a break of 8 hours of sleep.But the portions should be small in volume - about 200-250 g, especially the first time after an exacerbation of the disease.
All dishes are processed mechanically - almost all are eaten pureed.Then, as the inflammation subsides, larger particles appear in the food, but you need to chew it well.
Since the whole body suffers from insufficient nutrient intake during pancreatitis,it is necessary to increase the protein component of the diet (meat, fish, dairy products) - on average up to 140-150 g of protein per day.
But fats and carbohydrates, which place a great strain on the pancreas, are limited to the minimum possible.Carbohydrates receive about 300 g per day, fats - no more than 70-80 g.
Products that have a juice effect are removed from the diet - meat and fish broths, cabbage juice and decoction;during a severe pain attack, therapeutic fasting is recommended for a period of 1 to 2 days under the supervision of a doctor.
If you have pancreatitis, you need to drink more fluids -It is recommended to drink up to 2 liters of clean water per day, taking 2 to 3 sips of water approximately every half hour throughout the day.
Naturally, with pancreatitis, it is necessary to completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol.They are the most powerful crisis provocateurs.
What should be excluded?
The list of prohibited products will become quite impressive and can be daunting at first.However, without following these restrictions, relief can take a long time.Gradually, you can carefully expand your diet, adhering to the general principles of good nutrition.
Thus, for the entire acute period or the moment of exacerbation of the chronic process, it is necessary to exclude:
- beetroot soup, cabbage soup and borscht, okroshka, soups with meat, mushroom and fish broths, the broths themselves;
- fatty meat - pork, lamb, goose and duck;
- offal - kidneys, heart, brain, liver;
- fried, smoked, salty and spicy dishes;
- canned foods;
- sausages;
- fatty fish (catfish, star sturgeon, sturgeon, carp);caviar;
- lard, margarine, mayonnaise;
- fatty dairy dishes - cream, sour cream, kumiss;
- yolks, hard-boiled eggs;
- side dishes of millet, corn, barley and beans;
- cabbage, turnips, radishes, rutabaga, eggplant, onions and garlic, sorrel, cucumbers, tomatoes and peppers;
- citrus fruits, apples (sour varieties), grapes, pomegranates, cranberries;
- chocolate, jam;
- hot fries, sauces, marinades, vinegar, ketchup;
- all carbonated drinks, even mineral water (only without gas);
- strong tea and coffee, fruit juices, cocoa;
- all fresh breads and pastries, pancakes, tarts, shortbread.
As you can see, the list of restrictions is quite long, but this only concerns the duration of an acute process.Then you can gradually expand your diet a little, but you will have to forget about boring and “heavy” dishes almost forever.
What can you eat?
This is the first question that arises after reading the prohibited list.Of course, the diet is not very varied, but it is aimed at maintaining rest of the pancreas and relieving inflammation.
Allowed :
- yesterday's dried bread, crackers;
- vegetable and noodle soups;
- steamed meat and poultry dishes - cutlets, meatballs, rolls, pâtés, meat purees;
- boiled fish fillet (low fat), baked fish, omelettes;
- milk, cottage cheese, low-fat and soft cheese, kefir;
- vegetable and butter oils (in gruel);
- vegetable purees and stews, boiled vegetables;
- pasta, noodles, cereals - oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat, rice;
- unsweetened baked fruits (pears, apples, peaches, plums);
- compote, jelly, jelly;
- rosehip decoctions, herbal teas, bran drink.
Of course, the diet is limited, but in agreement with your doctor, you will gradually expand your menu.
Example menu
It should be remembered that this menu can be used at home, when the exacerbation subsides;in the acute stage of pancreatitis, fasting and gradual introduction of food are prescribed.When planning your diet, remember: there should be at least five meals, approximately equal in calorie content and digestive load.
Menu for pancreatitis for 5 days
First day
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread crackers, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, zucchini puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: fruit jelly - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Second day
- Breakfast: buckwheat porridge -200 g, 2 white bread croutons, 200 ml of milk tea.
- Second breakfast: steamed beef escalope - 100 g, carrot soufflé - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of dried fruit compote.
- Lunch: noodle soup - 200 ml, boiled chicken - 100 g, vegetable puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, mineral water - 200 ml, half a baked pear.
- Afternoon snack: applesauce - 200 g, still mineral water - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 100 g.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 200 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, cheese sandwich (30 g of cheese, a piece of toast), weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Third day
- Breakfast: squash and pumpkin puree - 100-150 g, 2 white bread croutons, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, half a baked pear, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of compote.
- Lunch: broccoli soup - 200 ml, pureed boiled meat - 100 g, mashed potatoes - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, chamomile tea - 200 ml.
- Afternoon snack: vegetable stew - 200 g, cheese - 50 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: buckwheat porridge - 200 g, kefir - 200 g, half a banana, a slice of white bread.
Day four
- Breakfast: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread crackers, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
- Second breakfast: rice porridge - 200 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: vegetable soup - 200 ml, boiled fish - 100 g, carrot puree - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, a third of a banana.
- Afternoon snack: omelet - 100 g, baked sweet apple, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
Fifth day
- Breakfast: oatmeal - 200 g, pumpkin puree - 100 g, steamed meatballs - 2 pieces, weak tea with milk, a piece of black bread.
- Second breakfast: steamed chicken cutlet - 100 g, omelet - 100 g, dried white bread - 1 piece, 200 ml of milk (kefir).
- Lunch: pasta soup - 200 ml, steamed fish cutlet - 100 g, pumpkin puree with carrots - 100 g, white bread - 1 piece, rosehip decoction - 200 ml, Maria biscuits - 2 pcs.
- Afternoon snack: baked fruit - 100 g, low-fat cottage cheese - 100 g, still mineral water - 200 ml.
- Dinner: mashed potatoes - 100-150 g, 2 white bread crackers, 200 ml of mineral water (still!).
If you follow your doctor's recommendations, strictly follow your diet and follow all instructions, you can quickly get relief.But a fairly strict diet with restriction of “heavy” foods will last 3 to 6 months.And then you will have to constantly limit fatty foods, fried foods, spices and canned foods.